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mount

  • Mount the volume to a folder
# list mount points in the order they were mounted
mount
mount -l

# mount
mount "device" "directory"
mount "/dev/sdx1" "/mnt"
mount "LABEL=FOO" "/mnt"
mount "UUID=1234..." "/mnt"

# create directories as necessary
mount "/dev/sda1" "/mnt/boot" --mkdir
mount "/dev/sda1" "/mnt/boot" -m

# mount by label
mount /mnt -L "FOO" # same as mount LABEL=FOO /mnt

# mount filesystem
mount -t proc proc /proc

# mount everything under /etc/fstab
mount -a

# mount with flag options
mount -o noatime,compress=zstd,ssd,discard=async,space_cache=v2,subvol=@ "/dev/vda2" "/mnt"

Mount options

Filesystem-independent options

  • man mount

  • sync: all i/o to the fs is done synchronously

  • async: all i/o to the fs is done asynchronously

  • atime: inode access time is controlled by kernel defaults

  • noatime: do not update inode access times on this fs (for faster access)

  • auto: this fs is mounted with the -a option

  • noauto: not mounted automatically with -a option

  • dev: interpret character or block special devices on the fs

  • nodev: do not interpret character or block special devices

  • exec: permit the execution of executable files in the fs

  • noexec: do not permit the execution of executable files in the fs

  • user: allow an ordinary user to mount the fs (if the user is in the mtab list)

  • owner: allow an ordinary user to mount the fs (if the user is the owner of the device)
  • group: allow an ordinary user to mount the fs (if one of the user's group match the group of the device)

  • users: allow any ordinary user to mount the fs

  • nofail: do not return error code if the device fails to mount

  • defaults: rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, async

btrfs options

  • man 5 btrfs

  • compress=...: zlib, lzo, zstd, no

  • discard=...: Enable discarding of freed file blocks. async or sync
  • space_cache=...: Options to control the free space cache. v2, v1
  • ssd: Options to control SSD allocation schemes
  • subvol: subvolume path
  • subvolid: subvolume id

Permanent mount

  • /etc/fstab
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
UUID=bb3cfb59-f713-41db-8b1c-5fe4a217e27a / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # Debian
UUID=103C-FD10 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1 # EFI
#/media/hvitoi/Dummy/swapfile none swap sw 0 0 # Swap
UUID=cb63196a-d3d3-4d2d-b5da-41727f058dbc swap swap defaults 0 0 # Swap
UUID=C2D8DF53D8DF43F7 /media/hvitoi/Moon ntfs defaults,uid=1000 0 0 # Moon