gparted

# interactive mode
parted "/dev/sda"

# list partition layout for all devices
parted -l

print

# print partition table and partition numbers
parted "/dev/sda" print

resizepart

# resize a partition
parted "/dev/sda" resizepart

mklabel

# GPT
parted "/dev/sda" -- \
  mklabel "gpt"

# MSDOS (MBR)
parted "/dev/sda" -- \
  mklabel "msdos"

mkpart

# root partition (GPT)
parted /dev/sda -- \
  mkpart root ext4 512MB -8GB

# root partition (MBR)
parted "/dev/sda" -- \
  mkpart primary 512MB -8GB
parted /dev/sda -- set 1 boot on

# swap partition (GPT)
parted /dev/sda -- \
  mkpart swap linux-swap -8GB 100%

# swap partition (MBR)
parted "/dev/sda" -- \
  mkpart primary linux-swap -8GB 100%

# boot partition
parted "/dev/sda" -- \
  mkpart ESP fat32 1MB 512MB

parted "/dev/sda" -- \
  set 3 esp on

set

# set partition 1 as the boot partition
parted "/dev/sda" -- \
  set 1 boot on

# set partition 3 as the esp partition
parted "/dev/sda" -- \
  set 3 esp on